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Air pollution poses serious environmental and health risks, especially in urban Malaysian areas like Petaling Jaya, Selangor, due to industrial activity, dense population, and heavy traffic. This study analyzed air quality trends using Department of Environment (DOE) data from 2020 to 2022, focusing on six pollutants. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was employed to classify variables influencing the Air Pollution Index (API) and reduce data dimensionality. Supported by Bartlett’s test and KMO measure, PCA with varimax rotation identified two principal components, highlighting PM10, PM2.5, and O3 as key pollutants. These findings can help DOE in managing and targeting pollution sources effectively.