Dilaeleyana Abu Bakar Sidik Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia
The color and organic load in palm oil mill secondary effluent (POMSE) cannot be eliminated by conventional treatment, which does not meet the discharge standard limit to the water course. The primary rationale for employing green ZnO synthesis is that it is eco-friendly, allowing for the avoidance of the use of toxic synthetic compounds, is readily available, particularly in Asia, and is a highly cost-effective process. In this research, ZnO NFs were produced in a green manner utilizing Pandanus Amaryllifolius Roxb. leaf extract (PAR) and then dispersed in a mixture of choline chloride to urea at various nanofluid concentrations (0.1, 0.25, and 1 wt%). PAR leaf extract is typically used as a capping agent to functionalize and stabilize synthesized ZnO into ZnO NFs. Nanofluids are easier to handle and mix in wastewater systems than dry nanoparticles, which are difficult to disperse evenly without specialist equipment. Their liquid state enables them to be pumped and injected directly into treatment systems. As a result, the primary goals of this study were to formulate zinc oxide utilizing ZnO-PAR NFs at various concentrations of nanofluid and to determine the optimal performance of various ZnO-PAR NF formulations in treating POMSE via MPR.